What is the difference between OPT and CPT?
OPT/STEM OPT
January 01, 2026
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Answer
📋 Summary:
OPT (Optional Practical Training) is work authorization after graduation. CPT (Curricular Practical Training) is work authorization during studies, usually as part of curriculum. OPT can be used before or after graduation, CPT is only during studies.
OPT (Optional Practical Training):
- When: Before or after graduation (pre-completion or post-completion)
- Purpose: Practical training related to your field of study
- Duration: 12 months (or 36 months for STEM)
- Requires: EAD card from USCIS
Additional Information:
- When: During your studies, as part of curriculum
- Purpose: Internship or work that is part of your degree program
- Duration: Can be part-time or full-time, no fixed limit
- Requires: Authorization from DSO, usually CPT notation on I-20
- Important: Using 12+ months of full-time CPT makes you ineligible for OPT
💡 In Other Words:
OPT is like a "graduation gift" - work authorization you get after finishing school. CPT is like a "school assignment" - work you do while still in school as part of your program. The key difference: OPT is after graduation (mostly), CPT is during school. But be careful - if you use too much CPT, you lose your OPT!
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